12. Jujitsu

Jujitsu, also spelled Jiu-Jitsu, is a traditional Japanese martial art that emphasizes ground fighting techniques, including joint locks, chokeholds, and submission grappling, along with a selection of throws and takedowns. Originating in feudal Japan, it was developed as a core combat system used by the Samurai, designed to be effective in close-quarters combat when weapons were not an option. For centuries, it was the dominant martial art in Japan until the rise of Judo in the late 19th century, which evolved from Jujitsu by emphasizing throws and sport-based competition.

In the early 20th century, Jujitsu was introduced to Brazil, where it was adapted and refined into what is now known as Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ). This modern variation placed even greater emphasis on ground control and submissions, eventually gaining international recognition. Today, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is practiced worldwide, both as a competitive sport and a highly effective self-defense system, playing a central role in mixed martial arts (MMA) and combat sports globally.