How to Measure conductivity and TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) with conductivity meter.

Practical :-How to Measure conductivity and TDS (Total Dissolved Solid)of the given solutions with digital conductivity meter,
Conductivity (or specific conductance) of an electrolyte solution is a measure of its ability to conduct electricity. The SI unit of conductivity is Siemens per meter (S/m).
Conductivity measurements are used routinely in many industrial and environmental applications as a fast, inexpensive and reliable way of measuring the ionic content in a solution. For example, the measurement of product conductivity is a typical way to monitor and continuously trend the performance of water purification systems.

Units of Conductivity:-Conductance is the reciprocal of resistance, and its basic unit is the Siemens, formerly called mho. In discussions of bulk material, it is convenient to talk of its specific conductance, now commonly called its conductivity.

Why the water conductivity increase-
Pure water is not a good conductor of electricity. Because the electrical current is transported by the ions in solution;the conductivity increases as the concentration of ions increases. Thus conductivity increases in water dissolved ionic species.

TABLE- CONDUCTIVITY OF VARIOUS SOLUTIONS AT 25°C
Application Conductivity Resistivity
Distilled water 0.5 μS/cm 2 MΩ-cm
Deionized water 0.1-10 μS/cm 0.1-10 MΩ-cm
Demineralized water 1-80 μS/cm 0.01-1 MΩ-cm
Mountain water 10 μS/cm 0.1 MΩ-cm

Conductance and TDS can be measure by the #conductivitymeter #chemito130
Precautions: The reading should be taken every time after washing of the conductivity cell by the Distilled water.