Top 10 Richest Countries in the World

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1) Qatar - Currency : Riyal
2) Luxembourg - Currency : Euro
3) Singapore - Currency : Singapore Dollar
4) Norway - Currency : Norwegian Krone
5) Brunei Darussalam - Currency : Brunei Dollar
6) United States - Currency : US Dollar
7) Switzerland - Currency : Swiss Franc
8) San Marino - Currency : Euro
9) Canada - Currency : Canadian Dollar
10) Australia - Currency : Australian Dollar

Gross domestic product (GDP) dollar estimates are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations, per capita. Such calculations are prepared by various organizations, including the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. As estimates and assumptions have to be made, the results produced by different organizations for the same country tend to differ, sometimes substantially. PPP figures are estimates rather than hard facts, and should be used with caution.

Comparisons of national wealth are also frequently made on the basis of nominal GDP, which does not reflect differences in the cost of living in different countries (See List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita). Using a PPP basis is arguably more useful when comparing generalized differences in living standards on the whole between nations because PPP takes into account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries, rather than using just exchange rates which may distort the real differences in income.

Other figures include savings (not just income), such as national wealth. GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living, although this can be problematic because GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income (See Standard of living and GDP).

Several economies, which are not considered to be sovereign states (i.e. the world, the European Union and some dependent territories), are included in the list because they appear in the sources. These economies are not ranked in the charts here, but are listed in sequence by GDP for comparison. Non-sovereign entities, former countries or other special groupings are marked in italics.

Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all officially recognized final goods and services produced within a country in a year, or over a given period of time. GDP per capita is often used as an indicator of a country's material standard of living.

GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income (See Standard of living and GDP). Under economic theory, GDP per capita exactly equals gross domestic income (GDI) per capita. However, due to differences in measurement, there is usually a statistical discrepancy between the two figures.

GDP is related to national statics, a subject in macroeconomics. GDP is not to be confused with gross national product (GNP) which allocates production based on ownership.

GDP can be determined in three ways, all of which should, in principle, give the same result. They are the production (or output) approach, the income approach, or the expenditure approach.

The most direct of the three is the production approach, which sums the outputs of every class of enterprise to arrive at the total. The expenditure approach works on the principle that all of the product must be bought by somebody, therefore the value of the total product must be equal to people's total expenditures in buying things. The income approach works on the principle that the incomes of the productive factors ("producers," colloquially) must be equal to the value of their product, and determines GDP by finding the sum of all producers' incomes.

Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product