Session 02/16 : 5G Core Vs 4G EPC Core Elements and Key Functions Distribution : A Quick Comparison

Welcome to this quick comparison session on architecture of the 5G Core Network Vs 4G EPC Core Network. In this session, we compare the well-established 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) with the advanced 5G core Network, breaking down their functions and highlighting the key differences.

In 4G EPC, we had the Mobility Management Entity (MME), Serving Gateway (SGW), and Packet Gateway (PGW), which handled functions such as mobility management, session management, UE authentication, and routing user traffic between the network and external data networks. The 4G system also relied on PCRF for enforcing Quality of Service (QoS) and charging policies.

Now, the 5G core has evolved significantly with Control and User-Plane Separation (CUPS). This principle separates network functions into distinct user-plane and control-plane functions, providing a more modular and flexible architecture.

Key 5G components include:
* UPF (User-Plane Function): Manages user traffic routing and mobility anchoring.
* SMF (Session Management Function): Handles session management, taking over some functions of the SGW/PGW.
* AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function): Focuses on mobility management, similar to the MME in 4G.
* AUSF (Authentication Server Function): Provides authentication, replacing MME's authentication role.
* PCF (Policy Control Function): The evolution of PCRF, responsible for policy enforcement and QoS management.
* UDM (Unified Data Management): Takes over the role of HSS in handling subscriber profiles and generating authentication vectors.


This modular approach enables 5G networks to better handle diverse services, improve network efficiency, and support the advanced use cases of today’s connected world. Watch the video to learn more about how these components interconnect and work together in the 5G core!


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