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Height & Distance
16 Views • May 18, 2025
Description
A lighthouse stands on a rock by the sea, which is easy for every person passing by.
One day, looking from the top of the lighthouse at a ship approaching the shore, he found that
- When the angle of depression changes from 30° to 45°, it moves from point P to Q.
The height of this house is 50 m. CBSE Class 10
Given:
Height of the lighthouse = 50 m
Angle of depression at Q = 45°
Angle of depression at P = 30°
Let B be the base of the lighthouse, and let Q and P be positions of the ship.
(i) Distance of the ship from the base of the lighthouse at Q
In right-angled triangle BQ A, using tan(θ) = opposite / adjacent:
\tan 45^\circ = \frac{\text{height of lighthouse}}{\text{distance of ship from base}}
1 = \frac{50}{BQ}
BQ = 50 \text{ m}
(ii) Measures of ∠PBA and ∠QBA
∠PBA = 30° (Given)
∠QBA = 45° (Given)
(iii) (a) Distance travelled by the ship from P to Q
For point P, in right-angled triangle BP A:
\tan 30^\circ = \frac{50}{BP}
\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{50}{BP}
BP = 50\sqrt{3} \approx 86.6 \text{ m}
Now, distance travelled PQ:
PQ = BP - BQ = 86.6 - 50 = 36.6 \text{ m}
(iii) (b) Speed of the ship from Q to A
Let the ship continue moving toward the shore from Q to A in 10 minutes. The distance is 50 m (since at A, the ship reaches the base of the lighthouse).
Speed formula:
\text{Speed} = \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Time}}
= \frac{50 \text{ m}}{10 \text{ min}} = 5 \text{ m/min}
Converting to km/h:
5 \times 60 = 300 \text{ m/h} = 0.3 \text{ km/h}
So, the speed of the ship from Q to A is 0.3 km/h.
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